SILVER
STAR |
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Named
after
a waltz popular long ago, their buses ran from |
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Salisbury
to
Winterbourne. Porton and Allington 1923 - 1963
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SILVER STAR 100th ANNIVERSARY 1923 - 2023
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Please
note - this is a site of historical record and does not contain current
service information
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The
name Silver Star is
often attributed to a popular waltz tune of the
1920s when two young men, Eddie Shergold and Ben White, started a
bus service running along the valley of the River Bourne north east
from the cathedral city of Salisbury in Wiltshire in the autumn of
1923. Shergold's father William had a horse drawn carrier
business from Winterbourne Dauntsey, acquired earlier from J K
Rowden. The two partner's first vehicle acquisition was a new
Ford Model T (registered HR9447) with locally built 14 seat body by
Pitt of Fordingbridge. Originally running on Tuesday, Thursday
and Saturday, by 1927 there was daily operation including three return
journeys on weekdays between Salisbury, the Winterbournes, Allington
and Porton Camp. In the city direction these catered for the
needs of schoolchildren and in the other for workpeople to the military
establishment at Porton. The road from Salisbury along the Bourne
valley was not exclusive to "the Star" as Wilts & Dorset covered
the route on their Salisbury-Tidworth service, and there were
other carrier operations as well, including Lee of Winterbourne Gunner,
Armstead of Newton Toney and Razey of
Cholderton. Several other routes into Salisbury were the scene of
ongoing competition between the Wilts & Dorset company and independent
operators, as also with Skylark from Woodfalls and
Downton to the south, and Viney from Chilmark in the west..
Based in a garage constructed adjacent to
the miltary establishment at Porton Camp the fleet had grown to five
vehicles by 1927. The silver in the fleet name was reflected in
the polished aluminium bodies of some of the fleet. The fleet was
already being embellished with headboards carrying the famous Silver
Star emblem, with many of the vehicles also having silver stars painted
on the wheels. As with so many firms that started as partnerships, one
was a traffic man (Shergold) and one an engineer (White).
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New
in 1929, this is Leyland TS
MW4774, a 32-seater, at Salisbury Guildhall - with painted stars on
wheels and logos
for both Shergold & White (centre) and Silver Star (twice)
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With the impending 1930
Road Traffic Act, Silver Star applied for a
number of daily stage carriage services but only the routes from
Allington and/or Porton to Salisbury and Salisbury to Sling (near
Bulford
Camp) were granted to them. There had been hopes that the Sling service
would form the basis for a Salisbury - Bulford - Sling - Tidworth -
Andover service, and one vehicle had already been so lettered for the
route in anticipation, which operated briefly in 1930/31. But it
was not to be as the necessary road service licence was refused by the
Traffic Commissioner. An excursion licence from Porton Camp was
approved at this time. In August 1937, Silver Star sold the
licence for the Salisbury to Sling service to Wilts and Dorset, who had
been running along the same route since 1914, as part of their
Salisbury - Andover services.
A
timetable from October 1930 shows seven departures from Salisbury
for Porton Camp each day from Monday to Friday, thirteen on Saturday
and five on Sunday. To Allington from Salisbury it was three
Monday to Saturday runs and one on Sunday, plus an extra short to
Winterbourne on Saturday evening. On this the Star's main route
from Salisbury through the Bourne Valley there was a substantial
increase in traffic because of the construction of Figsbury Barracks at
Winterbourne Dauntsey. Six 1930-vintage Leyland TD1's double
deckers were purchased from Yorkshire Woollen District, the fleet
numbers being 169-174. Their registrations were HD4153-4158, and
they became Silver Star fleet numbers 16, 20, 15, 18, 17 and 14
respectively. A limited company Shergold & White Ltd was formed to run the business in September 1939.
With the outbreak of war in 1939, several of the
fleet were requisitioned by the War Department and these Titan TD1's
had to cope with the heavy wartime traffic on the route. By the
end of the war they were not in best shape and the first new double
decker arrived in 1947. It was a Leyland Titan PD1 with Leyland
53-seat lowbridge body (fleet number 22, EAM 776), and a new single
decker Leyland PS1/1 with Duple
bodywork arrived later in the same year. Two of the pre-war
Titans were rebodied in 1949 whilst the others were withdrawn between
1949 and 1952. Three slightly younger Titan replacements came
into the fleet at this time, two from Birmingham and one from Bolton.
In Salisbury the ironmongers business of Mitchell's in Cheese Market
acted as parcels agents for many years.
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In 1948 the
Wilts and Dorset
company applied to the authorities for a service to run over the Star's
route from Salisbury to Porton Camp. This was the route on which
Silver Star carried their greatest numbers of passengers but the
W&D application was withdrawn. One year later in 1949 the
East
Gomeldon to Salisbury service of Lee of Winterbourne Gunner was taken
over by Silver Star; this was primarily a Tuesday and Saturday market
type operation, although there were a small number of daily
journeys. Originally Spier and Lee, they had started on the route
by 1920; in later years it was run by Mrs Martha Lee after her
husband Thomas died in 1935. East Gomeldon village is somewhat
isolated, in a
cul-de-sac location approached through a restrictive low roof road
tunnel under the railway
line. With a height limit of 11 feet 3 inches this meant that only single deck vehicles could be used for this
section of road. A short lived experimental diversion of the
Gomeldon route through the village of Ford was tried by 'the Star'.
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a 6d single ticket from Lee of
Winterbourne Gunner, whose route to Salisbury from Gomeldon was taken over by Silver Star in 1949 |
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The early part of the 1950s
saw a rise in demand for express coach
services for the many military personnel stationed in the area in the
Salisbury Plain camps, and by 1952 Silver Star had been granted express
service licences to run to London from Bulford Camp, Winterbourne Camp
and Porton Down. A year later more licences for services from
Bulford Camp to Birmingham, Manchester and Liverpool were granted. But
Silver Star were not the only operators in the area interested in this
traffic and the competition for new express services was to become
something of a battle, not only in the licencing courts but also on the
ground in booking passengers. These were mainly weekend leave
services, going out on Friday or Saturday and coming back on Sunday or
Monday. Some routes were shared, some not. By 1955 the Star
had gained more licences for routes to Newcastle, Glasgow, Edinburgh
and Swansea. Whilst laying over at the distant destination point,
whenever possible the coaches were hired out to other operators to
maximise income.
The
Star were proud of
their vehicles and their services and the
fleet included some of the finest coaches of the time. They were
equipped with heaters and radios, which were not then common features.
The first underfloor-engined vehicle was obtained in 1952, a Leyland
Royal Tiger with Leyland 41-seat coachwork (fleet number 13,
HWV793). This was followed in spring 1953 by a similar vehicle
(fleet number 14, JMR736). The proprietors lived along the line
of their route, Shergold in Winterbourne Gunner and White in Allington.
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GWV360
(fleet number 18) in Salisbury Market Square, Blue Boar
Row. A Leyland PD2 56-seater acquired in 1951. Despite
the name the stars on the buses are now white on a dark background. And
who remembers the Cadena Cafes of Salisbury, Southampton and
Bournemouth?
The Cadena chain was acquired by Tesco in 1965.
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The limited company was renamed as Silver Star Motor Services Ltd in November 1957. Locally a licence
application for a workers express service to run
directly between Salisbury's then newly built Bemerton Heath and Pauls
Dene housing estates and Porton Camp was made in 1957. Despite
both Wilts and Dorset and British Railways objecting, on the basis that
they would lose traffic, this new service was granted. The Silver
Star express service from Bemerton Heath to Porton was normally the
province of the PD1 EAM776 (number 22). This was replaced by the
newest
vehicle Atlantean 1013MW (number 42) during 1962.
Otherwise the stage
services continued with little change from year
to year, although by August 1957 it had became necessary to introduce
some one-man operated peak journeys on the bus service. A new
Tiger Cub (number 31, PHR829) came into the fleet. Further
one-man operation followed in February 1958 with the addition of two
further Cubs, (32 / 33, PMW386 and RAM620). At this time the
ticket system was changed from Insert Setright (green for singles, red for returns) to Setright Speed for
one-man operated services. Also in November 1957 the Company's
name was officially changed from the long standing Shergold and White
Ltd to Silver Star Motor Services Ltd. 1959 saw the
purchase of an ex-London Transport RTL double decker, built in
1949, fleet number 36, KGU263). Also later that year an attempt was made to
introduce a co-ordinated timetable between Silver Star and Wilts and
Dorset along the Bourne Valley, but with Silver Star remaining the
principal operator on the route with a basic half hourly frequency.
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RTL KGU263 leaves Salisbury Market Square on the run out to Allington |
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In 1959 Silver Star Motor
Services became the first independent
operator to put a production model of the new Leyland Atlantean into
service (number 35, TMW853). One year after in 1960 the Star
introduced a standard fleetname emblem, at the time of the arrival of
their second Atlantean (number 37, VAM944). Before this
acquisition, the fleetname had been applied in a variety of different
styles, but now it was based on a circle and bar reminiscent of
the London Transport logo, having the fleetname on either side of the
silver star.
At
this time permission was applied for to operate the Leyland
Atlanteans on the military express services, but permission was refused
by the Traffic Commissioners. Despite this another attempt was
made in 1961 to use the Atlanteans on the express services. Again
this was unsuccessful. This was a major blow to the Star, as
three more Atlanteans had already been ordered. One was cancelled and
one was delivered in July as XMW706, fleet number 40, a 61-seater
coach. The other was completed as a 73-seater bus (fleet number
42, 1013MW). On busy days one of the four Atlanteans might make an
appearance to help out on the stage service. At summer weekends
they might venture to Bournemouth or Sandbanks on excursions.
They had been ordered with the express services in mind, but by the
time they were ordered the demand for the forces leave services was in
decline, all the more so after the abolition of national service a few
years later.
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One of the Atlanteans, 1013 MW, fleet
number
42, entering the yard in Pennyfarthing Street, Salisbury, where a
couple of Silver Star's buses used to sleep overnight. |
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In October 1962, Eddie
Shergold died aged 64 and this was soon seen
to be the beginning of the end for the Star, as in May 1963, the
surviving founding partner Ben White, indicated his intention to retire
and enjoy his pension. So it was arranged that the company should
cease operation on the evening of Tuesday 4th June 1963, and at 10.35
pm
in Salisbury Market Square the last run by Silver Star set off along
the Bourne Valley, operated by fleet number 32, PMW386, a 1958 Leyland
PSUC1/2 41-seater dual purpose bus/coach (see picture below).
Driven by Stanley Coleman, it arrived at the depot at Porton Down
thirty minutes later, bringing operations to a close.
A purchase price of £65,000 was paid by Wilts & Dorset for the Silver
Star business and the then fleet
of twenty three vehicles comprising the four Atlantean double deckers,
two other double deckers (GWV360 and KGU263), thirteen coaches, three
dual purpose saloons (the Tiger Cubs) and a minibus; all were Leylands
except for one
Commer coach and
the Trojan minibus. Wilts
and Dorset assumed operation of the bus and express coach routes, which
were
co-ordinated with their existing bus services along the Bourne Valley.
Many of the Silver Star vehicles were dispersed to a variety of
other operators whilst several of the Silver Star one man operated
buses were retained on their usual routes for a while. Happily a
few Silver Star vehicles have survived in
preservation, including their newest vehicle, Atlantean number 42 -
1013 MW - which is often seen at rallies (it was at the King Alfred
running day in Winchester on 1st January 2012, where the Setright
ticket below was issued).
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A line up of four vehicles at Porton
Down
depot a month before the end. Pictured on 5th May 1963, from left
to right, are: |
WAM441 - fleet
number 38 - Leyland / Harrington 41 seater coach, new in 1960.
Passed to Wilts & Dorset as their 908 in June 1963 |
LMW483 - fleet
number 20 - Leyland / Burlingham 41 seater coach, new in 1955. To Wilts
& Dorset but not operated by them |
PMW386 - fleet
number 32 - Leyland / Harrington 41 seater bus/coach, new in
1958. Operated last Silver Star service. To Wilts & Dorset as 902 |
TMW853 - fleet
number 35 - Leyland / Weymann 73 seater Atlantean bus, new in 1959. To
Wilts & Dorset but not operated by them |
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Over the years Silver
Star tended to favour poster-sized
timetables. Below are two examples from 1946 (blue print) and 1953 (black print). |
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The
route to Salisbury from the 1946 timetable - coming down along Winterslow Road
from Porton Camp the Silver
Star buses
passed through a brick lined tunnel under the railway and then turned
right
(away from the Salisbury direction) at Chapman's Corner in the village
of Porton, proceeding past Idmiston Houses and Idmiston Church along
narrow roads to
Idmiston Turning ('Hairpin Bend' in the fare chart above, which was a
very tight left hand turn onto the A338 towards Salisbury) and was also the point where the buses
from Allington via Boscombe joined the route. Then past
Targett's Corner on the hillside above Porton village, followed by a left
turn to then bear right at Policeman's Corner in Winterbourne Gunner
(where the road towards East Gomeldon branched off), down through
Winterbourne Dauntsey to Winterbourne Church in Winterbourne Earls.
Following the A338 southwards past Hurdcott, left over the railway, then right. In a mile or two reaching St Thomas Bridge,
turning right onto the A30 to go under the rail bridge, up past
the cemetery and Glenmore Road (bridging over the rail line one last time)
to St Marks
Church and down Bedwin Street into the centre of Salisbury and the market square.
In the timetable
below note that the departures from
Salisbury at 12 noon and 4 pm were each operated by two buses, one for
Allington and one for Porton.
Several
departures now omit Idmiston village, coming down from Porton Camp to
Chapman's Corner and proceeding direct to Targett's Corner and turning
left. This 1952 timetable was still being issued to passengers three
years later in 1955. The ex-Lee service to East Gomeldon is included as
a separate table. Selway's Halt is included as a timing point between
Porton Camp and Chapman's Corner. This still exists as a named bus stop
today, but could the origin of the name in some way relate to Harry
Selway who was the long standing Porton village carrier until the 1960s?
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As well as the daily bus route in the
timetables above there was also a
dedicated workers service. It was introduced in 1957 to link two of the
then new housing developments around the city of Salisbury at Bemerton
Heath and Pauls Dene to the
defence establishments at Porton Camp (now the premises of Public
Heatlth England). The timetable illustrated below is from 1958.
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The very last Silver Star timetable was issued in
January 1963.
The journeys to East Gomeldon (previously operated as a separate route)
are now incorporated into occasional diversions of tthrough journeys to Porton.
Porton Down is now used as the destination, replacing the previous Porton Camp.
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As
a postscript, at the time of bus
deregulation in 1986, Tidworth Coaches introduced a route from Tidworth
through Allington and the Bourne Valley villages to Salisbury.
This ran a few times a day and was short lived, but the service was
operated under the fleet name Tidworth Silver Star.
Sidney C Shergold, the original
founder of
Tidworth Coaches, was the brother of Eddie Shergold of Silver
Star. Sidney was running a bus four days a week between Tidworth
- Winterbourne - Salisbury under the Allington Queen Motors name from
1925 until sold to Wilts & Dorset in March 1932. To a degree
he might be thought to have been competing with his brother Eddie, but
buses were small with few seats in those days.
The 1980s Tidworth Coaches operation
continued to compete with Wilts and Dorset on other routes for some
time, and in the summer of 1990 there was both a city route between
Salisbury and Bemerton Heath (service 51) and country route 2 between
Salisbury and Devizes. There were also contracted routes for
Hampshire County Council between Winchester, Houghton, Littledown and
Stockbridge (service 91) from 1986 to 1990. All this is now but a
memory, as are Tidworth Coaches themselves.
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With many thanks to
David Gillard
for photographs from his collection and with
acknowledgement
to
the late David
Pennels for his extensive past research
(especially the
series of three articles entitled "The Silver Star
Story" in
Buses Illustrated magazine numbers 118 of January 1965,
119 of February 1965 and 120 of March 1965).
A description of the village
of Porton in the 1950s by Tim Walker can be found here
A short
black-and-white film of Silver Star (and King Alfred) operations in the
1950s
can be found on YouTube here
The BVHS website may be of interest - Bourne Valley Historical Society
A new softback
book by Terry Grace was published in June 2021
REMEMBERING SILVER STAR
- available on ebay
December 2023 saw the publication of the new and well illustrated
hardback book including full fleet details
A DEFINITIVE HISTORY OF SHERGOLD AND WHITE'S
SILVER STAR OF PORTON DOWN
written by joint authors the late David Pennells,
Chris Harris and Peter Cook.
Published by Silver Link Books
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